The metallization realizes contacts to the doped regions in semiconductor manufacturing with conducting paths. From here the connectors are lead to the edge of the microchip to finally connect it to the package or for testing reasons.
Following requirements are essential for metallizations in integrated micro electronic devices:
Aluminum meets many of this requirements and therefore has been the material of choice for many years. However, since structures are getting smaller and smaller, aluminum can't fulfill the requirements any longer. For this reason, copper will replace aluminum in the future.
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